{"product_id":"9781463244477","title":"Medieval Encounters : Arabic-speaking Christians and Islam by Ayman Ibrahim","description":"A sourcebook of major Arabic Christian theologians and texts from the 9th-11th centuries. Christian authors who spoke and wrote Arabic had no choice but to engage with Islam and the complex realities of life-initially as a majority, later as a minority-under Muslim rule. They had to express their theology in new ways, polemicize against the claims of a new religion, as well as defend their doctrines against Islam's challenges.\u003cbr\u003eBinding: Paperback \/ softback","brand":"Gardners","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":56312417517941,"sku":"9781463244477","price":46.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0612\/7193\/3106\/files\/9781463244477.jpg?v=1762821764","url":"https:\/\/backstory.london\/products\/9781463244477","provider":"Backstory","version":"1.0","type":"link"}