{"title":"Books by Paul E. Lovejoy","description":null,"products":[{"product_id":"9780821422410","title":"Jihad in West Africa during the Age of Revolutions","description":"In Jihad in West Africa during the Age of Revolutions, a preeminent historian of Africa argues that scholars of the Americas and the Atlantic world have not given Africa its due consideration as part of either the Atlantic world or the age of revolutions. The book examines the jihad movement in the context of the age of revolutions-commonly associated with the American and French revolutions and the erosion of European imperialist powers-and shows how West Africa, too, experienced a period of profound political change in the late eighteenth through the mid-nineteenth centuries. Paul E. Lovejoy argues that West Africa was a vital actor in the Atlantic world and has wrongly been excluded from analyses of the period.    Among its chief contributions, the book reconceptualizes slavery. Lovejoy shows that during the decades in question, slavery expanded extensively not only in the southern United States, Cuba, and Brazil but also in the jihad states of West Africa. In particular, this expansion occurred in the Muslim states of the Sokoto Caliphate, Fuuta Jalon, and Fuuta Toro. At the same time, he offers new information on the role antislavery activity in West Africa played in the Atlantic slave trade and the African diaspora.    Finally, Jihad in West Africa during the Age of Revolutions provides unprecedented context for the political and cultural role of Islam in Africa-and of the concept of jihad in particular-from the eighteenth century into the present. Understanding that there is a long tradition of jihad in West Africa, Lovejoy argues, helps correct the current distortion in understanding the contemporary jihad movement in the Middle East, Afghanistan, Pakistan, and Africa.","brand":"Gardners","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":56295115915637,"sku":"9780821422410","price":31.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0612\/7193\/3106\/files\/9780821422410_44d0ed55-fd63-4b7f-9b17-defc9c0b385b.jpg?v=1786015686"},{"product_id":"9781469682457","title":"Mahommah Gardo Baquaqua","description":"A literate Muslim born between 1820 and 1830 in present-day Benin, Mahommah Gardo Baquaqua was enslaved in the interior of West Africa and forcibly moved to Brazil in 1845. He escaped from slavery when his master took him to New York City in 1847. Baquaqua then fled to Haiti where he converted to Christianity. When he eventually returned to the United States, he enrolled in New York Central College. Baquaqua published his autobiography in 1854 and traveled to Liverpool, England, with the intention of returning to Africa. He apparently achieved this goal by the early 1860s, when his paper trail disappears.  \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eLovejoy and Bezerra's analysis of this remarkable autobiography—the only known narrative by a former Brazilian slave—illuminates what Baquaqua's home in Africa was like, examines African slavery in mid-nineteenth-century Brazil, and offers an Atlantic perspective on resistance to slavery in the Americas in the era of the Fugitive Slave Law of 1850.","brand":"Gardners","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":56299925111157,"sku":"9781469682457","price":23.99,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0612\/7193\/3106\/files\/9781469682457_d794a17b-d82e-499f-bd02-698b67c2de0c.jpg?v=1786020715"},{"product_id":"9781569028537","title":"Boko Haram, Islamic Protest, and National Security","description":"Boko Haram, Islamic Protest, and National Security highlights one of the most serious problems of the contemporary world order - ideologically and religious motivated violence. Terrorist movements like Boko Haram represent a challenge to an understanding of contemporary Islam, distorted economic and political development, and the injustices of the international world order. The resonance between local conditions and trans-national problems raises serious issues of public policy and national security. These problems are perceived in religious terms that have dangerous consequences in terms of perceptions of Islam that undermine efforts to promote multicultural societies and peaceful interaction globally. Contributors to the volume approach the phenomenon 'from below' by relying on primary sources, aiming to exhume the underlying roots of Boko Haram and present recommendations to generate effective policies.","brand":"Gardners","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":56304998941045,"sku":"9781569028537","price":34.99,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0612\/7193\/3106\/files\/9781569028537_f1c7bfb4-73f4-46a6-8415-4e47c0d8def2.jpg?v=1786034169"}],"url":"https:\/\/backstory.london\/collections\/author-paul-e-lovejoy.oembed","provider":"Backstory","version":"1.0","type":"link"}