{"title":"Books by George B. Bridgman","description":null,"products":[{"product_id":"9780486211046","title":"Constructive Anatomy","description":"This invaluable anatomical reference shows important parts of the human body, both in motion and in repose: hand, wrist, fingers, forearm, neck, thigh, leg, and more. Drawings of bone and muscle structure are also covered in detail. Over 500 illustrations. \"Best book on artist's anatomy.\" — Art Students League News.","brand":"Gardners","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":43201762394290,"sku":"9780486211046","price":8.49,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0612\/7193\/3106\/files\/9780486211046.jpg?v=1786014059"},{"product_id":"9780486227092","title":"The Book of a Hundred Hands","description":"The legendary Art Students League of New York teacher offers 100 fine drawings and in-depth instruction in this guide to drawing virtually every aspect and posture of the human hand. He covers it all: the back of the hand and palm, nails, bones, tendons, muscles, the arch, veins, and more.","brand":"Gardners","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":43399209746610,"sku":"9780486227092","price":10.99,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0612\/7193\/3106\/files\/9780486227092_08a9eac4-1e01-4ce5-8f38-bbc7e0193897.jpg?v=1786014103"},{"product_id":"9780486227078","title":"The Human Machine","description":"What is the difference between art anatomy and Bridgman's concept of the human machine? The human machine is the body as not only a fixed framework but also as a complex work of art which moves and was designed to move. \u003cbr\u003eIn over 400 drawings, George B. Bridgman demonstrates the machine through the presentations which made him a gifted lecturer and teacher in his nearly fifty years at the Art Students League in New York and which gave life to drawings by his many students during those years. All skeletal and muscular systems are fully identified, and all are shown in front, back, and side views.\u003cbr\u003e\u003ci\u003eThe Human Machine \u003c\/i\u003ebegins with the framework of bones. In each section (head, neck, hand, arm, forearm, elbow, trunk, shoulder, back, scapular region, pelvis, hip, thigh, leg, knee, foot, and toe as well as the combinations of the major sections working together), George Bridgman starts with the skeletal components of the system; then he adds the muscles, shows the changes in the muscles as the body moves and, finally, shows the appearance of the bodily section in action. At the title implies, Bridgman, throughout, supplements his anatomical work with comparative drawings of simple machines. The anatomical approach to figure drawing is the foundation for the study of human form, and as in his other books on figure drawing, \u003ci\u003eBridgman's Life Drawing \u003c\/i\u003eand \u003ci\u003eThe Book of a Hundred Hands, \u003c\/i\u003eBridgman's approach to the subject is important and unique. \u003ci\u003eThe Human Machine\u003c\/i\u003e will give students and serious artists the conception of the human structure as the complex of beautiful machines it is, and will show how bone and muscle structures are solely responsible for our movements and for the shapes which we, at various times, display.  \u003cbr\u003e","brand":"Gardners","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":56290102837621,"sku":"9780486227078","price":9.99,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0612\/7193\/3106\/files\/9780486227078_6c8892c1-cfda-4187-8382-055aa1651fb7.jpg?v=1786014102"},{"product_id":"9780486227108","title":"Bridgman's Life Drawing","description":"\u003cp\u003eLife Drawing\u003c\/p\u003e is not so much a unique system of drawing the human form as it is a new way of conceptualizing it. To draw the figure, the artist must \"have an idea of what the figure to be drawn is doing\" — he must \"sense the nature and condition of the action, or inaction.\" In this book, Mr. Bridgman, who for nearly 50 years lectured and taught at the Art Students League of New York, explains in non-technical terms and illustrations in hundreds of finely rendered anatomical drawings how best to find the vitalizing forces in human forms and how best to realize them in drawing.\u003cbr\u003eMr. Bridgman begins by examining movement. After abstracting the main masses of the body — head, chest, and hips — into their rough geometrical equivalents, he gives complete instructions for building a simple model which mounts these masses on wire. By manipulating this scale model, the student may observe how these masses move in space and into what relationships such movement brings them.\u003cbr\u003eOnce the student understands how the human form moves, the author tackles the actual problems of drawing the human figure in motion. He first covers simple drawing and building of the figure, then balance, rhythm, turning or twisting, wedging, passing and locking, and the more complex relationship of the masses — distribution, light and shade, mouldings (concave and convex), proportion and how to measure it, and movable masses. From here instruction turns to specific areas of the anatomy; the head and features, including the neck; the torso, front and back views; the abdominal arch; the shoulder girdle; the upper limbs, hands, and fingers; and the lower limbs, thigh and leg, knee, and finally foot. Every point of instruction and principle is illustrated in one of nearly 500 of Mr. Bridgman's own \"life\" drawings.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cp\u003eThere is no student nor serious artist, either amateur or professional, who cannot profit greatly from Bridgman's instruction. Like his famous anatomy course at the Art Students League, it is likely to vitalize your work with the human form.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Gardners","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":56290822553973,"sku":"9780486227108","price":12.99,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0612\/7193\/3106\/files\/9780486227108_9ee32223-c1a1-4674-b002-501fef9405b8.jpg?v=1786014104"},{"product_id":"9780486418025","title":"Drawing the Draped Figure","description":"Many art students and professionals have mastered the art of depicting unclothed figures, but still have trouble accurately rendering clothing or other forms of draped cloth. Part of the problem — before this book came along — was that there was a lack of concise and simple instruction on the subject, and much that was written was too vague to be helpful. This comprehensive, well-illustrated book was created to solve the problem.\u003cbr\u003eIn these pages George Bridgman — a longtime instructor at New York's Art Student League and one of the nation's foremost teachers of figure drawing — offers expert advice on depicting draped figures. \"Clothing is none other than a drapery arranged around a body that is beneath it. To express the multitudinous forms it takes, one should learn to express in a direct way the different characters of folds, for each one plays its individual part as distinctly apart as actors play their different characters upon the stage.\"\u003cbr\u003eStudents learn the characteristics of seven different kinds of folds and how to render them, including pipe, zigzag, spiral, half-lock, diaper pattern, drop, and inert folds. Mastery of these principles is the key to realistic portrayal of garments, as well as the proper rendering of cloth in still lifes. The straightforward, easy-to-follow text is illustrated by 200 of Bridgman's own sketches and diagrams, reproduced from pencil renderings in crisp halftones. Art students, teachers, and professionals alike are sure to welcome this inexpensive republication of a practical, hands-on manual by a master of figure drawing.\u003cbr\u003e","brand":"Gardners","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":56290918760821,"sku":"9780486418025","price":6.49,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0612\/7193\/3106\/files\/9780486418025_0cf54a9f-09da-48b0-bb28-245f7903ee59.jpg?v=1786032702"},{"product_id":"heads-features-and-faces","title":"Heads, Features and Faces","description":"Helpful approach to difficult area. Almost 200 drawings plus text and examples from work of Vermeer, Hals, Rembrandt, others.","brand":"Gardners","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":57481521037685,"sku":"9780486227085","price":5.99,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0612\/7193\/3106\/files\/9780486227085.jpg?v=1786089787"}],"url":"https:\/\/backstory.london\/collections\/author-george-b-bridgman.oembed","provider":"Backstory","version":"1.0","type":"link"}